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Given that a commercial airliner has a range a range of 9,500 miles using 265 tons of JP-4 fuel. Estimate the range of the aircr

Blizzard [7]

Here is the full question.

Given that a commercial airliner has a range of 9,500 miles using 265 tonnes of JP-4 fuel. Estimate the range of the aircraft burning either gaseous or liquid hydrogen at the same mass of hydrogen as JP4.

The dry mass of the aircraft is 800 tonnes. The fuel properties are as follows:

Fuel Density (kg/m³) Heating value (kJ/kg)

JP4 800.0 45000

H₂ (gaseous, S.T.P) 0.0824 120900

H₂ (liquid, 1 atm) 70.8 120900

Answer:

25,514 mi

Explanation:

Let first calculate the value of initial mass of the aircraft $m_1$ when burning JP4 fuel by using the expression:

$m_1 =m_2 + m_{JP4}$

where;

$m_2 = 800t$

$m_{JP4} = 265t$

$m_1 = 800t+265t$

$m_1=1065 t$

We need to employ the use of the range of the airliner which can be expressed by the formula;

$s = \eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g})In(\frac{m_1}{m_2})(\frac{Q_R}{g})$

where;

$\eta__0}$ = overall efficiency

L = lift

$\delta g$ = drag force

$m_1 =$ initial mass of the vehicle

$m_2$ = is the final mass of the airliner after the burning of fuel

$Q_R$ = is the heat of the reaction of the fuel burning.

g = gravitational acceleration

Rearranging the above equation; we have:

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = \frac{ s}{In(\frac{m_1}{m_2})({Q_R})}$

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = \frac{9500 mi}{In(\frac{1065t}{800t})({45000 kJ/kg})}$

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = \frac{0.2111}{In(1.33)}$

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = 0.74 mi.kg/kJ$

To estimate the range of the aircraft burning either gaseous or liquid hydrogen at the same mass of hydrogen as JP4; we have:

$s = \eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g})In(\frac{m_1}{m_2})(\frac{Q_R}{g})$

$s= (0.74mi.kg/kJ)(120900kJ/kg)In(\frac{1065t}{800t})$

$s= (89466mi)In(\frac{1065t}{800t})$

$s = (89466mi)In(1.33)$

s = 25,513.82 mi

s ≅ 25,514 mi

Thus, the range of the aircraft when burning either gaseous or liquid hydrogen at the same mass of hydrogen as JP4 is 25,514 mi

6 0

3 years ago

The diagram shows a ball that is dropped and allowed to bounce.

grin007 [14]

Answer:

B and D

Explanation:

6 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

1. As the temperature of the gas in a balloon decreases, which of the following occurs? The volume of the balloon increases. ***

timama [110]

Answer 1:
Correct Answer: The average kinetic energy of the gas decreases.
Reason:
From the ideal gas equation, we know that PV = nRT
where, P = pressure, V = volume, n = number of moles of gas, R = gas constant and T = temperature.

From above equation, it can be seen that, Temp. as a direct relation with Pressure and Volume. Hence, as temperature of the gas in a balloon decreases, pressure and volume also decreases.

Also, from kinetic theory of gases, we know that, kinetic energy of gas increases with increasing temp. Hence, average kinetic energy of the gas decreases with decreasing temp.

Answer 2:
Correct answer: Out
Reason:
From the ideal gas equation, we know that PV = nRT
where, P = pressure, V = volume, n = number of moles of gas, R = gas constant and T = temperature.

Therefore, when a sealed syringe is heated, it's temp. will increase. This, will result in expansion of gas i.e volume will increase. Hence, syringe plunger move in outwards direction.

Answer 3: Volume = 6046 L
Reason:
From the ideal gas equation, we know that PV = RT
where, P = pressure, V = volume, R = gas constant and T = temperature.
Given: P1 = 99 kPa, V1 = 3000 L, T1 = 312 K, P2 = 45.5 KPa and T2 = 289 K.

Therefore, we have: $\frac{\text{P1 V1}}{\text{P2 V2}} = \frac{\text{R T1}}{\text{R T2}}$
Thus, $\frac{\text{99 3000}}{\text{45.5 V2}} = \frac{\text{R 312}}{\text{R 289}}$

Hence, V2 = 6046 L

Answer 4:
Correct Answer: It increases
Reason:
We know that, pressure of gas, it directly proportional to temp. Hence, when the temp. of as is increases. Total pressure of gas mixture increases. This is because, partial pressure of individual component (in present case oxygen) increases.

Answer 5:
Correct answer: 18.5 kPa
Reason:
We know that, total pressure is the sum of the partial pressures of the gases present in it. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:

Ptot = PO2 + PHe + PCO2

Therefore, partial pressure of oxygen, PO2:

PO2 = Ptot − PHe − PCO2

= 101.4 − 82.5 − 0.4

=18.5 kPa.

Answer 6:

Correct Answer: Argon

Reason:

Inert gases are the best choice for inflating a balloon that must remain inflated for a long period of time. Among given options, both neon and argon are inert gas, But, atomic weight of Ar is 40g/mol, while is more than that of neon (20 g/mol). Hence,. Argon gas is preferred over neon gas.

4 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

C + O2 = CO2

geniusboy [140]

Answer:

44 grams of CO₂ will be formed.

Explanation:

The balanced reaction is:

C + O₂ → CO₂

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of each compound participate in the reaction:

C: 1 mole
O₂: 1 mole
CO₂: 1 mole

Being the molar mass of each compound:

C: 12 g/mole
O₂: 32 g/mole
CO₂: 44 g/mole

By stoichiometry the following mass quantities participate in the reaction:

C: 1 mole* 12 g/mole= 12 g
O₂: 1 mole* 32 g/mole= 32 g
CO₂: 1 mole* 44 g/mole= 44 g

The limiting reagent is one that is consumed first in its entirety, determining the amount of product in the reaction. When the limiting reagent is finished, the chemical reaction will stop.

If 12 grams of C react, by stoichiometry 32 grams of O₂ react. But you have 40 grams of O₂. Since more mass of O₂ is available than is necessary to react with 12 grams of C, carbon C is the limiting reagent.

Then by stoichiometry of the reaction, you can see that 12 grams of C form 44 grams of CO₂.

44 grams of CO₂ will be formed.

3 0

3 years ago

Which objects could you stand near to feel the heat

4vir4ik [10]

Answer:

An heater, Oven, sun, and fireplaces

Chose which ever you want

4 0

3 years ago