The flow of energy from the Earth's interior originates from two main sources: the radiogenic and primordial heat respectively. Radiogenic heat is produced by the radioactive decay of isotopes in the mantle, whereas primordial heat is the energy left over since the Earth's formation.
Without using any sensitive scientific equipment, this flow of energy is observable at stress points between the tectonic plates, such as volcanoes. These are ruptures in the crust of the planet through which materials from the interior of the planet are expelled.
In biochemistry, enzymes are protein catalysts of the body that speeds up certain specific metabolic reactions in the body. They word in the concept of lock-and-key theory or induced fitting. These two theories are all based on the shape and size of the enzyme's active site that could accommodate the substrate. So, the main function of the enzyme is dependent on its shape. Therefore, when an enzyme undergoes denaturation, its orientation and shape changes. For example, a beta pleated sheet may change to an alpha helix orientation. As a consequence, the number and capacity of active sites changes. Hence, the enzyme becomes nonfunctional.
Answer:
requires that mitochondrial ATP synthesis and electron flow through the respiratory chain be obligately coupled.
Explanation:
The chemosmotic model was a concept formulated by Peter Mitchell, who stated that during the phases of electron transport in the respiratory chain, an intense release of energy occurs. This released energy allows hydrogen ions to be transported from within the mitochondrial matrix to the intercellular medium. The result of all of this is the occurrence of a chemosmotic gradient. However, when interpreting what occurs in the chemosmotic model, we can see that this model requires that the mitochondrial synthesis of ATP and the flow of electrons through the respiratory chain must be coupled.
During the transfer of energy from one tropic level to the next tropic level around 90% of the total energy is lost in the metabolic processes in the form of heat. Hence only about 10% of the total energy can only be transferred from one tropic level to the next tropic level.
