Answer:
OPTION b. "<em>The 3D shape of a protein is determined largely by the ribosome forming the protein" </em>
is NOT an accurate description of protein synthesis and folding.
Explanation:
<em>a. Many copies of a protein can be synthesized simultaneously from the same mRNA</em>. TRUE. As a ribosome moves along the mRNA chain synthesizing a new protein, another ribosome might follow it, synthesizing another protein from the same mRNA chain. And so on. So, at the same time, many ribosomes might be attached to the mRNA, synthesizing many copies of the protein, but at different development levels. The mRNA chain together with many ribosomes is called a <em>polyribosome</em>.
b. <em>The 3D shape of a protein is determined largely by the ribosome forming the protein</em>. FALSE. What determined the 3D structure of the protein is the amino acid sequence of that particular polypeptide. Each amino-acid has different properties (hydrophobic, hydrophilic, positively charged, negatively charged) and they interact with each other by different bonds that depend on those poperties. So the amino acids composing the proteins and their interaction, is what models the structure of the protein.
c. <em>The entire chain of amino acid exits the ribosome before it begins folding into its 3D shape</em>. TRUE. When the ribosome reaches the end codon, the elongation process has finished, and the new protein leaves the ribosome and is translocated to the RER lumen where it is going to get folded.
d. <em>The first encoded amino acid in every protein is methionine. </em>TRUE. Almost always, the first amino acid located by the tRNA is the methionine, codified by the initiation codon AUG. This amino acid is frequently eliminated at the end of the process.
Answer: We have found fossils that share specific bony traits that are found only in all whales but absent in every other mammal group, indicating descent from a shared common ancestor with modern whales, and these fossils had legs fully adapted for walking on land, and fundamentally identical to those of older mammals that precede the shared common ancestor that these mammals share with whales.
This tells us that the shared common ancestor of whales and these mammals with legs almost certainly had legs themselves, and inherited those legs from their own older mammal ancestors.
Therefore, whales have ancestors in their lineage that walked on land with legs.
(We also have multiple fossils of ancient whales that had legs transitional in form between fully terrestrial walking legs and flippers adapted for swimming, and modern whales still possess a remnant hip bone buried deep in their bodies.)
Answer:
monosaccharides
Explanation:
The basic unit/building blocks for carbohydrates is monosaccharides.
When a dominant gene is paired with a recessive gene, the characteristic associated with the dominant gene will be expressed.
Explanation:
Recessive gene is not expressed when paired with a dominant gene as the alleles of the dominant trait will mask the recessive gene expression. The trait appearing in the offspring will be the dominant type. In other words, the dominant allele would dictate the protein to get appeared in the offspring.
