Answer:
Explanation:
First last of thermodynamics, just discusses the changes that a system is undergoing and the processes involved in it. It explains conservation of energy for a system undergoing changes or processes.
Second law of thermodynamics helps in defining the process and also the direction of the processes. It tells about the possibility of a process or the restriction of a process. It states that the entropy of a system always increases.
For this to occur the energy contained by a body has to diminish without converting to work or internal energy. So imagine a machine which works with less than efficiency, this means there are losses but they don’t show up anywhere. But the energy is obtained from a higher energy source to lower.
The easy way to do this is with an imaginary device that extracts zero-point energy to heat a quantity of gas. Energy is being created, so the first law is violated, and the entropy of the system is increasing as the gas heats up.
First law is violated since the energy conversion don't apply but the direction of work is applied so second law is satisfied.
The characteristics of the atomic spectrum allow to find the result so that the measured lines help the astronomer is:
- The astronomer can identify the gases that are present in stars using emission lines.
The emission spectrum is the emission of light due to the atomic transition in atoms, consequently the spectrum of each chemical element is unique.
The astronomer was able to identify the chemical elements that are in stars by their emission spectrum.
In the case presented there are two lines in the blue region, a line in the green region and a line in the red region. We know that the most abundant element in stars is hydrogen.
Hydrogen has a series of well-defined spectral lines, the series that is in the visible part of the spectrum is called the Balmer series and is composed of the lines in the table.
Color wavelength (nm)
red 656.3
blue 486.1
violet 434.1
The second element in quantity in stars is helium, which has the spectrum given in the table and in the attached.
color wavelength (nm)
Red 667.8
orange 587.6
green 501.6
Blue 492.2
Blue 447.1
The astronomer compares his measured spectrum with the spectra of these two gases and finds that the element he is measuring is helium.
In conclusion, using the characteristics of the atomic spectra, we can find the result to help the astronomer with the measured lines is:
- The astronomer can identify the gases that are present in stars using emission lines.
Learn more here: brainly.com/question/14819167
Check Google it might have the answer sorry I couldn't be much help
Answer:
B. posititvely charged particles
Explanation:
Opposites attract to each other, and the same charge repels.