% is used in a lot of programming languages as the modulo operator.
which is to say, the remainder upon dividing by is .
When you divide any integer by 2, you can get either a remainder of 0 or 1. So in your example, refers to all numbers between 1 and 9 that are not perfectly divisible by 2. In other words, refers to those that are odd. (This assumes is a subset of the integers.)