Answer: the factors that increase cardiac output include:
--> Nervous stimulation and
--> Hypertrophy of the heart.
Explanation:
Cardiac output can be defined as the quantity of blood pumped into the aorta each minute by the heart. This is also the quantity of blood that flows through the circulation. There are factors that can cause increased cardiac output or that can lead to a hypereffective heart. They are:
--> NERVOUS STIMULATION: The combination of sympathetic stimulation and parasympathetic inhibition does two things to increase the pumping effectiveness or cardiac output of the heart. These include:
• it greatly increase the heart rate from the normal level of 72 beats/mum up to 180 to 200 beats /mom.
• it increases the strength of heart contraction, which is called increased contractility to twice it's normal strength.
--> HYPERTROPHY OF THE HEART: A long term increased workload, but not so much excess load that it damages the heart, causes the heart muscle to increase in mass and contractile strength in the same way that heavy exercise causes skeletal muscles to hypertrophy. This effect of increased muscle mass of the heart, allows the heart to pump much greater than usual amounts of cardiac output.
Answer:
The description which is correct is:
<u><em>Species make up populations which makes up communities.</em></u>
Explanation:
In biology, species can be described as organisms which can interbreed to form fertile offsprings. Members of a species share many common characteristics. Example of species includes all human beings on earth.
In biology, a population can be described as the number of organisms of a species which are living together in a habitat at a particular time. These organisms have the capability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
The organisms present in different populations in an area at a particular time make up a community. For example, a population of birds, a population of insects, a population of plants that live in a certain area at a particular time make up a community.
The two membranes pull apart a little and create a small pocket or sack of air. As the developing bird grows, it breathes in oxygen from the air sack and exhales carbon dioxide. Several thousand microscopic pores all over the surface of the egg allow the CO2 to escape and fresh air to get in.
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The absence of apoptosis which is known as cell death. Additionally. there is an excessive production of cells through cell cycle.
The cell cycle is process by which a cell produces a new similar daughter cell. it composes of two main phases These are called the interphase and m-phase. The interphase has three key stages which are gap 1, s phase and gap 2. And the M-phase is where the cell itself divides with an equal number of chromosomes.
They will slowly die off and go into extinction like mammoths. Hope this helps! ;D
