When interest rates on treasury bills and other financial assets are low, the opportunity cost of holding money is <u>low </u>so the quantity of money demanded will be <u>high</u>.
If interest rates go up, the demand for money will go down. Once it equals the new money supply, there will be no more difference between how much money people are holding and how much they want to keep, and the story is over. This is why (and how) a decline in the money supply raises interest rates.
As interest rates rise, the amount of money demanded decreases because the opportunity cost of holding money decreases. As interest rates rise, aggregate demand shifts to the left. The interest rate effect arises from the idea that higher price levels reduce the real value of household holdings.
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401(k) is an employer-provided plan, IRA isn't.
Answer:
The sustainable growth rate is 16.52%
Explanation:
To compute the substantial growth rate, first, we have to calculate the retention ratio. The formula to compute the retention ratio is shown below:
= 1 – payout ratio
= 1 – 0.16
=0.84 or 84%
Now, we use the formula of substantial growth rate which is shown below:
= (Return on equity × retention ratio) ÷ { 1 - (Return on equity × retention ratio)}
where,
Return on equity = (Net income ÷ total equity) × 100
= ($3,640 ÷ $21,560) × 100
= 16.88%
= (16.88% × 84%) ÷ ( 1 - 16.88% × 84%)
= 0.141792 ÷ (1 - 0.141792 )
= 0.141792 ÷ 0.858208
= 0.1652 or 16.52%
Answer:
see below
Explanation:
1. Private Limited Company
A private limited company is an acknowledged legal entity whose shares are held privately by the founders. The shareholders are the owners. They are not allowed to trade their shares to the public through the security exchange. SHINING STAR BUS COMPANY (PTY) Ltd is currently a limited private company. Transfer of shares has to be between the existing shareholders, the bus company, and requires authorization. The shareholders have limited liability to the company's debts and are entitled to a share in the company profits.
2. Public Limited Company
A public limited company is recognized as a legal and separate entity from its owners. Unlike a private limited company, the shares of a public limited company are traded in the security exchange markets. It means ownership of a public company is open to the public. The management of SHINING STAR BUS COMPANY (PTY) Ltd wants to convert it to a public limited company. After the conversion, its shares will be traded at the Johannesburg Security Exchange(JSE).
Acid test or quick ratio is the liquidity ratio that is most stringent because it
eliminates inventory in its measurement.
Acid test ratio can be calculated by:
<u>Current assets - inventory</u>
current liabilities
Acid test ratio eliminates the inventory which is the least liquid asset from
current assets. This ratio help companies determine how fast it can convert
its assets into cash in order to take care of its liabilities.
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