Answer: By using electrolysis.
Explanation:
Electrolysis is a chemical change produced by sending an electric current through a compound. Electrolysis works because the hydrogen and oxygen ions are held together by an electric attraction.
The arrows that represent the phase transitions in which heat energy is gained is : (A). 1, 2 and 3
<h3>Meaning of phase transitions</h3>
Phase transitions can be defined as the changing of matter from one form to another due to the addition or gaining of heat or due to the removal or loss of heat.
Phase transitions in matter are majorly between three phases which are: Solid, Liquid and Gas.
In conclusion, The arrows that represent the phase transitions in which heat energy is gained is : (A). 1, 2 and 3
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Your question looks a bit incomplete as you have the same contents in options a) and d). According to your list, I can't see the correct answer, but I can give you one.The difference between the potential energy of the products of the potential energy of the reactants is equal to the enthalpy of the reaction.
Answer:
The element that has been oxidized is the N
Explanation:
Zn²⁺(aq) + NH₄⁺(aq) → Zn(s) + NO₃⁻(aq)
See all the oxidation states:
Zn²⁺ → acts with +2
In ammonia, H acts with +1 and N with -3
Zn(s), acts with 0. In all the elements in ground state, the oxidation state is 0.
Zn changed from 2+ to 0. The oxidation number, has decreased.
This element has been reduced.
NO₃⁻ (aq) it's a ion, from nitric acid.
N acts with +5
O acts with -2
The global charge is -1
The N, has increased the oxidation state, so this element is the one oxidized.
The hybrid orbital of this molecule is 
. Hence, option C is correct.
<h3>What is hybridisation?</h3>
Hybridization is defined as the concept of mixing two atomic orbitals to give rise to a new type of hybridized orbitals.
In this compound, a hybrid orbital makes I-O bonds. Due to hybridization iodate should have tetrahedral geometry but because of the presence of lone pair of electrons the shape of 
the ion is pyramidal.
The hybrid orbital of this molecule is . Hence, option C is correct.
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