For the first one the pattern is multiply the previous number by five as you see 1 x 5 = 5 and so on. To keep adding to it you would do
125 x 5 = 625 625 x 5 = 3125 3125 x 5 = 15625
Now for the second one the pattern is divide the previous number by three as you can see 2187 / 3 = 729 and so on. To keep going you would
81 / 3 = 27 27 / 3 = 9 9 / 3 = 3
I hope this helps you and if you have anymore questions i'll be glad to answer them.
We can use a ratio to solve this question. Lets refer to the amount formed by the formula as a serving
1 serving needs 3/8 gal
We want to create 7/9 servings extra, so
1 + 7/9 = 16/7
1 : 3/8
16/7 : x
1/(3/8) = (16/7) / x
8 / 3 = 16x / 7
x = 7/6
He needs to use 7/6 gallons of water.
