Salt reduces the amount of water in a solution, because you're introducing another molecule. If the water concentrations are different, the water is going to want to reach an equilibrium to balance itself out. Because the salt solution has a higher water concentration than the plant cell, the water will move into the cell to try and balance out the concentrations. If the salt solution had a lower water concentration (water potential) then water would move from the cell into the solution.
The part of the stem that gives rise to this pattern is : B. xylem
xylem is responsible in transporting water and nutrients. It die after a year or so and will leave the concentric pattern as it die
hope this helps
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