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3 years ago

Why gold is called inert metal

1 answer:

5 0

Gold has a heavy enough nucleus that its electrons must travel at speeds nearing the speed of light to prevent them from falling into the nucleus. This relativistic effect applies to those orbitals that have appreciable density at the nucleus, such as s and p orbitals. These relativistic electrons gain mass and as a consequence, their orbits contract. As these s and (to some degree) p orbits are contracted, the other electrons in d and f orbitals are better screened from the nucleus and their orbitals actually expand.

Since the 6s orbital with one electron is contracted, this electron is more tightly bound to the nucleus and less available for bonding with other atoms. The 4f and 5d orbitals expand, but can't be involved in bond formation since they are completely filled. This is why gold is relatively unreactive.

Hope it helps

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For the reaction below, Kp = 1.59 at 100°C. If 1.0 g of SrCO3 is placed in an empty 5.00 L reactor and allowed to reach equilibr

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Hello, in this case, one could consider the undergoing chemical reaction as:

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3 years ago

Calculate the liters of a 4.40 M KCl solution to obtain 0.200 mole of KCI

Yuki888 [10]

Answer:

$\boxed {\boxed {\sf 0.0455 \ L}}$

Explanation:

We are asked to calculate the liters given the molarity and moles in a solution.

Molarity is a measure of concentration in moles per liter. It is calculated with the following solution:

$molarity= \frac{moles \ of \ solute}{liters \ of \ solution}$

The molarity of the solution is 4.40 molar of potassium chloride (KCl). 1 molar is equal to 1 mole per liter, so the molarity is also 4.40 moles of potassium chloride per liter. There are 0.200 moles of potassium chloride or solute. The liters of solution is unknown, so we can use the variable x.

molarity= 4.40 moles KCl / L
moles of solute = 0.200 mol KCl
liters of solution = x

$4.40 \ mol \ KCl/ L = \frac{ 0.200 \ mol \ KCl}{x}$

Since we are solving for x, we must isolate the variable. First, cross multiply. Multiply the first numerator by the second denominator, then the first denominator and the second numerator.

$\frac {4.40 \ mol \ KCl/ L}{1} = \frac{ 0.200 \ mol \ KCl}{x}$

$4.40 \ mol \ KCl / L * x= 1 * 0.200 \ mol \ KCl$

$4.40 \ mol \ KCl / L * x= 0.200 \ mol \ KCl$

x is being multiplied by 4.40 moles of potassium chloride per liter. The inverse operation of multiplication is division. Divide both sides by 4.40 mol KCl/L

$\frac {4.40 \ mol \ KCl / L * x}{4.40 \ mol \ KCl / L}= \frac {0.200 \ mol \ KCl}{{4.40 \ mol \ KCl / L}}$

$x= \frac {0.200 \ mol \ KCl}{{4.40 \ mol \ KCl / L}}$

The units of moles of potassium chloride cancel.

$x= \frac {0.200}{{4.40 L}}$

$x= 0.0454545454545 \ L$

The original measurements of liters and moles have 3 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we calculated, that is the ten-thousandth place (0.0454545454545). The 5 to the right of this place (0.0454545454545) tells us to round the 4 up to a 5.

$x \approx 0.455 \ L$

There are approximately 0.455 liters in a 4.40 molar solution with 0.200 moles of solute.

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3 years ago

Why gold is called inert metal​

Why gold is called inert metal