The action potential spreads through an axon by depolarizing adjacent membrane to threshold.
- K+ departs the cell after Na+, which enters the cell first. Ions can move freely across the axon membrane because of the difference during the action potential.
- Because sodium contains a positive charge, the neuron becomes more positive and depolarized. Potassium channels take longer to open. As soon as the cell does open, K+ rushes out, reversing the depolarization known as repolarization.
- Sodium channels close during the peak of the action potential when potassium leaves the cell. When potassium ions are effluxed, the membrane potential is lowered or the cell becomes hyperpolarized.
- Outside of the cell, the concentration of Na+ is greater than inside the cell. while the concentration of K+ is is greater inside the cell than outside.
learn more about action potential here: brainly.com/question/6705448
#SPJ4
Answer: 2. Precipitation
Explanation:
Aerobic cellular respiration requores oxygen. Photosynthesis does, as well.
Answer:
Contraction.
Explanation:
Muscle tissues are defined as they are elastic and extensible in nature. In other words it's also defined as they are able to stretched and returned to its original size and shapes. A unique feature of muscle tissue is they are able of contractile in nature. With the help of this contraction they are able to sliding myosin and actin filaments which are present in muscles tissues.
Basically muscle tissues are three types:
1) Skeletal muscle: They are strong and rapid in contraction.
2) Cardiac muscle: They are strong in contraction.
3) Smooth muscle tissues: They are slow and weak in contraction.
Answer:
C. 2 and 4 are correct
Explanation:
Institutional review board protects the rights of human research.
They are involved with reviewing of all research that involves the use of humans before it is conducted and protect the welfare of the human involve and the privacy.
The member of the board must be 5 and above and it include people from different fields that are knowledgeable and will provide findings on human research. A non scientist is also involve and someone from other field.
2 and 4 is correct
