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<u><em>-What are the differences between the plant and animal cells?
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Plant cells:
- Cell wall present
-Nucleus usually lies near periphery due to vacuole.
- Centrosome is usually absent from higher plant cells, except lower motile cells.
- Plastids are present, except fungi.
Animal cell:
- Cell wall absent.
- Nucleus present near centre.
- Usually centrosome is present that helps in formation of spindle fibres.
- Plastids are absent.
<u><em>-Describe the structure of an ATP module.
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ATP plays an important role in releasing and storing energy in cells. It is an ideal source of energy because ATP easily releases and stores energy by breaking and re-forming the bonds between its phosphate groups. The ATP module is composed of three components. These phosphates are the key to the activity of ATP.
Explanation:
Fertilization, pictured in Figure 24.23a is the process in which gametes (an egg and sperm) fuse to form a zygote. The egg and sperm each contain one set of chromosomes. To ensure that the offspring has only one complete diploid set of chromosomes, only one sperm must fuse with one egg. In mammals, the egg is protected by a layer of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida. When a sperm binds to the zona pellucida, a series of biochemical events, called the acrosomal reactions, take place. In placental mammals, the acrosome contains digestive enzymes that initiate the degradation of the glycoprotein matrix protecting the egg and allowing the sperm plasma membrane to fuse with the egg plasma membrane, as illustrated in Figure 24.23b. The fusion of these two membranes creates an opening through which the sperm nucleus is transferred into the ovum. The nuclear membranes of the egg and sperm break down and the two haploid genomes condense to form a diploid genome.
Answer: B. Osmosis Across a Membrane
The movement of water across a gradient is called osmosis.
The two new strands are different from each other ,both of them have only one strand from the original DNA and the other strand is complementary . eg if a strand has the following base pairs .. AACCGGT ( consider this as the strands)
TTGGCCA
now they are going to be seperated AACCGGT TTGGCCA
TTGGCCT AACCGGT
as u can see the two NEW strands formed are similar but NOT IDENTICAL to each other .
