<span>When the surface layer was dug up, the permafrost was exposed. When the weather warmed, this exposed permafrost would have melted and become soggy, causing the ground underneath the tracks to shift.</span>
That Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are the outer planets and the other planets are the 4 inner planets.
Answer:
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge runs down the center of the Atlantic Ocean. ... The rift valley is 1 to 3 km deep, about the depth and width of the Grand Canyon. In contrast, the East Pacific Rise spreads fast at rates of 6 to 16 cm per year (more than 20 cm per year in the past).
The hypothesis devised in this study by the researcher is –
" White fly nymphs escape predation because of their translucent bodies."
In order to test this hypothesis, the researcher is required to conduct an experiment where two sets of white fly nymphs are formed and fed to their predators. The two set of subjects would be -
Set I – White fly nymphs with translucent bodies
Set II- White fly nymphs with translucent bodies coated with harmless dyes.
The number of predated flies in each set can be compared to deduce justification for assumed hypothesis.
Hence, option B is correct
Answer:
Adaptations to a common environment and examples of convergent evolution
Explanation:
Convergent evolution is a process by which two independent and phylogenetically separated organisms, get to develop similar structures or behavior to survive. These structures make possible a better performance in a similar environment. These organisms are morphologically or ethologically similar in their whole bodies or just in parts.
Convergent evolution occurs in different phylogenetic branches independently from each other. It results from the need of different organisms to adapt to a similar environment and to solve a problem from that particular ecological niche. Ecological pressures acting on them might be similar, modeling the organisms´ phenotype. Each evolutive branch ends by developing the same structures, which they both find effective in their environment.
In the exposed example, Ichthyosaurs (reptile) and fishes are separated species on evolutive time, corresponding to different phylogenetic lineages. Both of them inhabit the same aquatic environment. Pressures of the habitat acted on them and modeling their phenotypes. These species need to adapt to living in water, moving, feeding, scaping, chasing, etc. So both species arrived at the same solution. They developed dorsal fins and tails, which are important to stabilize the body in the water while swimming, making it more hydrodynamic and getting to propel better.
