Answer:
a) 
b) 
Step-by-step explanation:
Number of balls in the urn = 12
Number of white balls in the urn = 4
So, number of balls which are not white = 12 - 4 = 8
We know that probability = No. of outcomes/Total number of outcomes
Let
denotes the event of getting white ball by A, B and C
a) each ball is replaced after being drawn.
Probability = Number of white balls/Total number of balls
Solution: 
b)the balls that are withdrawn are not replaced.
Solution:
If A wins: 
If A lost and B wins: 
If A and B lost and C wins: 
and so on....
For given sample of salaries of four employees, the variance of their salaries is: 26 thousands of dollars
The formula for the variance is,

where,
= sample variance
= the value of the one observation
= the mean value of all observations
n = the number of observations
For given question,
n = 4
First we find the mean of their salaries.
(33 + 31 + 24 + 36 ) / 4 = 31
So, 
Using the formula for variance ,

Therefore, for given sample of salaries of four employees, the variance of their salaries is: 26 thousands of dollars
Learn more about the variance here:
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The sum of 15 and r.
Sum is the term used in verbal addition problems.
This is an expression therefore, you do not state what it equals. We no this because there is no equals sign.
You would have to know the height of the 8th graders