Answer: Stress and coping.
Explanation:
The stress and coping paradigm suggest that stress is a distinct relationship between someone and the context that is evaluated by that individual as too demanding and possibly dangerous to their well-being. This model requires not only the consideration of stressors, as environmental demands but also the judgments and coping resources the person has to deal with those demands.
The answer is A. War, because it is between people (Leaders of nations).
B. Can be caused by people but is a relationship with people and the earth.
C. Cannot be changed by people, so therefor is not between people.
D. Pollution is caused by people, but is a relationship between people and the earth.
D) It had little to no effect on France and England —>The Embargo Act hurt the American economy more than it did to the British and French economies.