Near sightedness is a condition whereby the eyeball is too long or cornea has excess curvature such that light entering the eye is focused in front of the retina rather on the retina itself.
The exact cause of nearsightedness is unknown but there are two factors that may be responsible for its development.
1. Visual stress
2. Heredity
Individuals who spend considerable time reading or working at a computer or engage in other types of intense close visual work may develop nearsightedness.
There is credible evidence that many people inherit nearsightedness or are at least predisposed to the condition, especially if both parents suffer from the condition.
Far sightedness (hyperopia) is a condition where the eye is shorter than normal, the cornea is not curved quite enough or the lens sits further back in the eye than is normal.
This condition can be inherited especially if both parents suffer from it.
The other cause is through diseases like diabetes or glaucoma.
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Answer:
Despite past improvements in air quality, very large parts of the population in urban areas breathe air that does not meet European standards let alone the health-based World Health Organisation Air Quality Guidelines. Over the last 10 years, there has been a substantial increase in findings that particulate matter (PM) air pollution is not only exerting a greater impact on established health endpoints, but is also associated with a broader number of disease outcomes. Data strongly suggest that effects have no threshold within the studied range of ambient concentrations, can occur at levels close to PM2.5 background concentrations and that they follow a mostly linear concentration–response function. Having firmly established this significant public health problem, there has been an enormous effort to identify what it is in ambient PM that affects health and to understand the underlying biological basis of toxicity by identifying mechanistic pathways—information that in turn will inform policy makers how best to legislate for cleaner air. Another intervention in moving towards a healthier environment depends upon the achieving the right public attitude and behavior by the use of optimal air pollution monitoring, forecasting and reporting that exploits increasingly sophisticated information systems. Improving air quality is a considerable but not an intractable challenge. Translating the correct scientific evidence into bold, realistic and effective policies undisputed has the potential to reduce air pollution so that it no longer poses a damaging and costly toll on public health.
Explanation:
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