The reason it is 5y is because for every week, Diana buys 5 sodas which means you would have to multiply. For example, if you wanted to find how many sodas Diana drank in 7 weeks you would multiply 5(7) to get 35 sodas in 7 weeks.
First go from bottom to top. then you must calculate how much is it to 70 to Point A which is 32 then u have to do the bottom part 45000 to 20 . which is 28 know 28 + 32 = 60. Hope this helps