Answer:D. This is the only cell cycle phase when the chromosomes are unduplicated
Explanation:
I believe that all the above are ethical concerns regarding genetic engineering. Ethics is the study of moral or socially acceptable behavior. With the advent of genetic engineering and the ability to modify the genome of various organs, many ethical questions arise concerning the various scenarios and possibilities. There are many ethical concerns regarding genetic engineering in plants, animals, and humans. One of the ethical concerns regarding genetically modified plants used for food is whether the nutritional value will be sacrificed in favor of a higher yield or drought resistantancy.
Robert hook is the one recognized vital role of the in internal environment and observers
Reptile scales! Or, more specifically, reptiles descended from dinosaurs.
Answer:
Cellular membranes or plasma membranes has many functions. Some of these include regulation of cellular transport, and responding to cellular signals or hormones.
<h2>Cellular Transport</h2>
The plasma membrane is made up of the <u>phospholipid bilayer with embedded transmembrane proteins</u>. This makes the cell membrane <u>semi-permeable</u>. Movements of substances depend on the composition of the molecules e.g. glucose and amino acids, as needed by the pancreatic cells. These are larger and uncharged molecules and can't pass freely through the membrane so they utilize the transmembrane proteins via attaching to carrier proteins. This is called <em>passive transport</em>. On the other hand, in <em>active transport</em>, <u>ATP is used</u> to transfer molecules, like Hydrogen, from a low to high electrochemical gradient.
Other kinds of cellular transport are:
- Osmosis and diffusion
- Endocytosis
- Exocytosis
<h2>Cellular Signalling</h2>
The cell membrane is able to signal other neighboring cells by utilizing complex proteins. These proteins may take form as receptors or markers.
<h3>Membrane Receptors</h3>
They act as receivers of extracellular signals and spark intracellular processes. These receive signals from hormones, growth factors, etc.
<h3>
Membrane Markers </h3>
These allow the cells to identify each other and respond if this cell is needs further development as in organ development, or a foreign body to the system.
