The Crusades were a series of religious wars sanctioned by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The most commonly known Crusades are the campaigns in the Eastern Mediterranean aimed at recovering the Holy Land from Muslim rule, but the term "Crusades" is also applied to other church-sanctioned campaigns
Answer:
A pandemic of influenza A (H1N1)
Explanation:
The title of the map would be: "The states that made up the Italian Nation in the fifteenth century"
One of the distinctive features of the political organization in Italy was the importance of the city-states and in particular of the republics, which in the fifteenth century some had lost their independence, but not the Renaissance cities such as Florence and Venice. At the beginning of the fifteenth century the Italian territory was very fragmented in states of varying size and importance. The decline of the cities had led to a process of institutional strengthening, concluded with the establishment of signorie (the equivalent of the Iberian lordships), together with the oligarchic republics, founded previously.
Answer:
Some common elements of Black Codes were: Race was defined by blood; the presence of any amount of black blood made one black. Employment was required of all freedmen; violators faced vagrancy charges. Freedmen could not assemble without the presence of a white person.
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