The first one seems like the correct answer.
It would be large mineral crystal
When baroreceptors sense a drop in blood pressure, the vasomotor center responds by triggering peripheral vasoconstriction. When there is decreased blood pressure thei baroreceptor firing decreases, thus decreasing the activity of cardiac inhibitor centers, and increasing the activity of accelerator centers and the vasomotor center, therefore this results to an increased cardiac output and an increased vasoconstriction which results to increases blood pressure back to normal.
Atresia
A/an , or birth defect, can result in a malformation such as the absence of a normal body opening or the failure of a structure to be tubular, which is termed atresia.
Atresia is the absence of normal passage or the failure of a structure to be tubular or fully formed. Atresia can occur in any structure of the body. Examples of atresia include imperforate anus, which is the malformation of the hole between the rectum and anus, and choanal atresi, which is the blockage of the back of the nasal passage,usually by abnormal bony or soft tissue.
Answer: The correct answer is b) Negative Reinforcement.
Explanation:
Negative Reinforcement is done in operant conditioning when a stimulus that is unpleasant to the subject is removed in response to a stimulus.
<u>Over time, the behavior expected to be reinforced should become more common over the expectation of having the unpleasant or aversive stimulus taken away.</u>
Example:
<u>On wednesday morning, you leave your house at 7am (the behavior) to avoid being late for work and getting a memo (removal of an aversive stimulus)</u>
The correct answer is b. Operant conditioning through the removal of a (generally) unpleasant or aversive stimulus is known as: Negative reinforcement.