Answer:
$0
Step-by-step explanation:
A part-time landscaper made $8996.32 last year.
She claimed herself as an exemption for $3650 and had a $5700 standard deduction
Exemption means not subject to taxation.
Deduction means taking some amount of your income for the year, and not have to pay taxes on it.
So, 

Since Her income is lower than the exemption and the standard deduction.
So, her taxable income last year was $0.
Thus Option D is correct.
Answer:
is the fraction of 8th graders who are boys.
Step-by-step explanation:
Let total number of 8th graders = 
Given that,
of 8th graders play sports
8th graders who play sports = 
Also, Given that,
of 8th graders that play sports are boys
Number of 8th graders that play sports, and are boys = 
Hence, the answer is:
is the fraction of 8th graders who are boys.
I think 2 but I might be wrong