Answer:
The volume of the concentrated nitric acid taken: <u>V₁ = 4.3 mL</u>
Explanation:
Given: Final pH of nitric acid (HNO₃) solution= 1.30
Volume of HNO₃ solution: V₂ = 600.0 mL
Concentration of stock HNO₃ solution: M₁ = 7.0 M
Volume of the stock HNO₃ solution: V₁ = ?
To find out <u>the concentration of HNO₃ solution (M₂),</u> we use the following equation: pH = - ㏒ [H⁺]
⇒ 1.3 = - ㏒ [H⁺]
⇒ ㏒ [H⁺] = - 1.3
⇒ [H⁺] = antilog (- 1.3)
⇒ [H⁺] = antilog (- 1.3) = 0.050 M = M₂
Now, to calculate<u> the volume of concentrated 7.0 M HNO₃ (V₁)</u> that should be added to prepare 600.0 mL of 0.050 M HNO₃ solution, we use the dilution equation: M₁ × V₁ = M₂ × V₂
⇒ V₁ = M₂ × V₂ ÷ M₁
⇒ V₁ = (0.050 M) × (600.0 mL) ÷ (7.0 M)
⇒ <u>V₁ = 4.3 mL (rounded to two significant digits)</u>
<u>Therefore, the volume of the concentrated nitric acid taken: V₁ = 4.3 mL</u>
Answer:
<u>Part -A:</u>
Sulfur released is
.
<u>Part-B:</u>
released of per EPA norms is
.
Explanation:
From the given,
The output = 1100 Mw
Efficiency = η = 0.4
Substitute the values in the following
Input = Output / η
![= \frac{1100}{0.4}= 2750 Mw](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B1100%7D%7B0.4%7D%3D%202750%20Mw)
Let's converts between joules to BTU.
1 BTU = 1056 J
<u>Part-A;</u>
![Energy\,\, required = Power \times time](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Energy%5C%2C%5C%2C%20required%20%3D%20Power%20%5Ctimes%20time)
![2750 \times 10^{6} \,\, J/s \times 3600s = 9.9 \times 10^{12}J](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=2750%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B6%7D%20%5C%2C%5C%2C%20J%2Fs%20%5Ctimes%203600s%20%3D%209.9%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B12%7DJ)
![Energy \,\, required = \frac{9.9 \times 10^{22}}{1056}= 9.375 \times 10^{9} BTU](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Energy%20%5C%2C%5C%2C%20required%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B9.9%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B22%7D%7D%7B1056%7D%3D%209.375%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B9%7D%20BTU)
![Mass\,of\, coal\,required = \frac{9.375 \times 10^{9}}{14,000}=6.69 \times 10^{5}pounds](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Mass%5C%2Cof%5C%2C%20coal%5C%2Crequired%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B9.375%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B9%7D%7D%7B14%2C000%7D%3D6.69%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B5%7Dpounds)
But it has 2% sulfur
The mass of sulfur released
![6.69 \times 10^{5}pounds \,coal \times 0.02 = 1.338 \times 10^{4}pound](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=6.69%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B5%7Dpounds%20%5C%2Ccoal%20%5Ctimes%200.02%20%3D%201.338%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B4%7Dpound)
Therefore, released sulfur is
.
<u>Part -B;</u>
One pound of sulfur produce two pounds of sulfur dioxide
Initial amount of produced sulfur =
![2 \times 1.338 \times 10^{4}pound = 2.676\times 10^{4}pound/hour](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=2%20%5Ctimes%201.338%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B4%7Dpound%20%3D%202.676%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B4%7Dpound%2Fhour)
Assuming we added a 80% efficiency then,
Released sulfur dioxide = ![(1-0.8) \times SO_{2} \,produced =0.2 \times 2.676 \times 10^{4}Pounds/hr= 5.352 \times 10^{3}Pounds/hr](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%281-0.8%29%20%5Ctimes%20SO_%7B2%7D%20%5C%2Cproduced%20%3D0.2%20%5Ctimes%202.676%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B4%7DPounds%2Fhr%3D%205.352%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B3%7DPounds%2Fhr)
Energy produced in an hour = ![400 mw \times 1 hr = 1.1 \times 10^{6}kwh](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=400%20mw%20%5Ctimes%201%20hr%20%3D%201.1%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B6%7Dkwh)
![SO_{2}\,released \, as \, per EPA = \frac{5.352 \times 10^{3} \,pounds}{1.1 \times 10^{6}kwh}= 4.865 \times 10^{-3}p\kwh](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=SO_%7B2%7D%5C%2Creleased%20%5C%2C%20as%20%5C%2C%20per%20EPA%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B5.352%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B3%7D%20%5C%2Cpounds%7D%7B1.1%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B6%7Dkwh%7D%3D%204.865%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7Dp%5Ckwh)
Therefore,
released of per EPA norms is
.
To know that compare the electronegativitis of the two elements.
The electronegativity of H is 2.2
The electronegativity of Br is 2.96
The difference does not seem enough to cause ionic bond. Then it is most likely thaty they form a polar covalent bond.
Answer:
"The lungs control your body's pH balance by releasing carbon dioxide. ... Your brain constantly monitors this in order to maintain the proper pH balance in your body. The kidneys help the lungs maintain acid-base balance by excreting acids or bases into the blood."
Explanation:
https://www.healthline.com/health/ph-imbalance
The chemical reaction is given as:
<span>C8H10+3O2 = C8H6O4+2H2O
We are given the initial amount of para-xylene for the reaction. We use this amount and the relation of substances from the reaction to obtain the amount of the acid produced.
204 g ( 1 mol / 106.18 g ) ( 1 mol C8H6O4 / 1 mol C8H10 ) ( 166.14 g / mol ) = 319.20 g terephthalic acid</span>