A 20-kg child running at 1.4 m/s jumps onto a playground merry-go-round that has mass 180 kg and radius 1.6m. She is moving tang
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The ball will take 0.45 seconds to reach the ground
<h3>How will we solve this question?</h3>We will use Newton’s laws of motion, so
H= taking height= 1m
The 3 laws of motion given by Newton are as follows:
1) Unless an unbalanced force acts upon it, an item at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion continues to move in a straight line at a constant pace.
2) An object's acceleration is influenced by its mass and the force being applied.
3) Whenever one thing applies force to another, the second object applies the opposing, equal force to the first.
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The collision is elastic. This means that both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved after the collision.
- Let's start with conservation of momentum. The initial momentum of the total system is the sum of the momenta of the two balls, but we should put a negative sign in front of the velocity of the second ball, because it travels in the opposite direction of ball 1. So ball 1 has mass m and speed v, while ball 2 has mass m and speed -v:
So, the final momentum must be zero as well:
Calling v1 and v2 the velocities of the two balls after the collision, the final momentum can be written as
From which
- So now let's apply conservation of kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of each ball is
. Therefore, the total kinetic energy before the collision is
the kinetic energy after the collision must be conserved, and therefore must be equal to this value:
(1)
But the final kinetic energy, Kf, is also
Substituting as we found in the conservation of momentum, this becomes
we also said that Kf must be equal to the initial kinetic energy (1), therefore we can write
Therefore, the two final speeds of the balls are
This means that after the collision, the two balls have same velocity v, but they go in the opposite direction with respect to their original direction.
- Let's start with conservation of momentum. The initial momentum of the total system is the sum of the momenta of the two balls, but we should put a negative sign in front of the velocity of the second ball, because it travels in the opposite direction of ball 1. So ball 1 has mass m and speed v, while ball 2 has mass m and speed -v:
So, the final momentum must be zero as well:
Calling v1 and v2 the velocities of the two balls after the collision, the final momentum can be written as
From which
- So now let's apply conservation of kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of each ball is
the kinetic energy after the collision must be conserved, and therefore must be equal to this value:
But the final kinetic energy, Kf, is also
Substituting
we also said that Kf must be equal to the initial kinetic energy (1), therefore we can write
Therefore, the two final speeds of the balls are
This means that after the collision, the two balls have same velocity v, but they go in the opposite direction with respect to their original direction.