Fragmentation is the breaking of the body into parts and then the organism develops all the parts of the body. The fragmentation is the type of reproduction in lower organisms. The fragments which are produced can develop into new organisms.
Answer:
<em>The principle of common descent states that all organisms in the world exist because of a common ancestor which gave rise to all the life seen on Earth. The organisms which are more closer to one another might have a common ancestor in the near past as compared to other organisms. The organisms which share distant common ancestors have less common characteristics. This principle has led us to form the basis for the formation of evolutionary biology. </em>
This is a physics question, not biology, but...
f=1/T where f is frequency and T is the period.
f= 1/(1/3)=3
frequency =3 Hz
Directional selection favors one of the extreme phenotypes. Option B). Fewer plants with thin seed coats will be able to germinate, leading to a higher proportion of plants that produce seeds with thick seed coats.
<h3>What is directional selection?</h3>
Directional selection increases in the proportion of individuals with an extreme phenotypic trait.
There must be a selective pressure or environmental pressure acting on populations to lead the species to increase the number of individuals expressing that extreme phenotype.
This selection presents more frequently in those cases in which interactions between living organisms and the environment modify in the same direction.
In the exposed example the environmental pressure is drought during several years.
Drought periods decreases the fitness of plants that produce thin seed coats because they dehydrate before germinating.
Originally the population expressed both types of seeds. But after the drought pressure, only plants that produce seeds with thicker coats got to survive and reproduce.
The correct option is B). Fewer plants with thin seed coats will be able to germinate, leading to a higher proportion of plants that produce seeds with thick seed coats.
You can learn more acout directional selection at
brainly.com/question/12226774
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