While doing exercise, one can control skeletal muscles only.
The body has three kinds of muscles, that is, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle. The skeletal muscles are linked with the bones of the skeleton, that is why these are under control and are known as voluntary muscles.
On the other hand, the smooth muscles like skeletal muscle can never be under control. These muscles helps in pushing substances, like blood or food through organs. The cardiac muscle is also an involuntary muscle, which is found only in the heart. These muscles helps in contraction of the heart and can never be controlled.
Answer:
Wings
Explanation:
The most unique feature among phylum Arthropoda is that some of its members have wings. No other invertebrate has winged species!
The main structural difference between LDL and HDL is their compositions. Approximately 50% of the weight of an LDL particle is cholesterol and only 25% is protein. High-density lipoprotein particles, on the other hand, consist of 20% percent cholesterol by weight and 50% protein.
Answer:
D) In case 1, both PS I and PS II completely lose function; in case 2, a proton gradient is still produced.
Explanation:
The light dependent reaction of photosynthesis, which produces the ATP and NADPH needed in the light independent stage of the process, includes complexes of proteins and pigments called PHOTOSYSTEMS. These photosystems (I and II) are key to the functionality of the light dependent reactions in the thylakoid.
The major pigment present in both photosystems is CHLOROPHYLL A, which absorbs light energy and transfers electrons to the reaction center. Chlorophyll B is only an accessory pigment meaning it can be done without. Hence, if all of the chlorophyll A is inactivated in the algae but leaves chlorophyll B intact as in case 1, both PS I and PS II will lose their function because Chlorophyll A is the major pigment that absorbs light energy in both photosystems.
In case 2, if PS I is inhibited and PS II is unaffected, a PROTON GRADIENT WILL STILL BE PRODUCED because the splitting of water into protons (H+) and electrons (e-) occurs in PSII. Hence, H+ ions can still be pumped into the inner membrane of the thylakoid in order to build a proton gradient even without the occurrence of PS I.
The Miller-Urey experiment showed that simple molecules could have arisen abiotically. This chemical experiment included conditions similar to those present on the early Earth, and tested the origin of life under those conditions.
Water (H2O), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen (H2) were the chemicals used to produce the results of the experiment, the factors needed for simple life to arise. Given similar conditions on other planets, it's possible that life could arise there as well.