Explanation:
(a) a functional group is a special group of atoms or bonds in a compound that is responsible for the chemical reactions, behavior, and characteristics of that compound. (b) Functional group is present in both the compound is alcohol (-OH).
Functional groups are specific groupings of atoms within molecules that have their own characteristic properties, regardless of the other atoms present in a molecule. Common examples are alcohols, amines, carboxylic acids, ketones, and ethers.
Key Points
Functional groups are often used to “functionalize” a compound, affording it different physical and chemical properties than it would have in its original form.
Functional groups will undergo the same type of reactions regardless of the compound of which they are a part; however, the presence of certain functional groups within close proximity can limit reactivity.
Functional groups can be used to distinguish similar compounds from each other.
Key Terms
functional group: A specific grouping of elements that is characteristic of a class of compounds, and determines some properties and reactions of that class.
functionalization: Addition of specific functional groups to afford the compound new, desirable properties.
