The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Unfortunately, you forgot to attach the political cartoon. Without the cartoon, we do not know what is its content.
However, trying to help you, we did some deep research and can comment on the following.
This cartoon depicts a hammer and an anvil. White hands are holding the hammer that is hitting a chain. A black arm is chained. So the white hands using the hammer are hitting the chains, breaking them. The hammer has a legend that says "Supreme Court Decision." The chain says "segregated schools."
So the purpose and symbolism of the cartoon of 1954 are the following. It refers to the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka of 1954 case. The Court ruled that segregation in public schools was unequal and was unconstitutional. The Court concluded that in public education “separated buy equal” was not correct. It was a major accomplishment for black people in those years.
