All living organisms contain genetic material (DNA) that holds the information needed for the optimal functioning of that organism. However, the information needs to be decoded to produce proteins via gene expression. Transcription is the first process of gene expression which involves the copying of the information in the DNA molecule into RNA molecule.
Transcription occurs when an enzyme called RNA POLYMERASE binds to a region on the DNA called PROMOTER, and begins to synthesize complementary strands of RNA using the DNA template. Transcription, in a nutshell, synthesizes a type of RNA molecule called messenger RNA or simply mRNA, which is further translated into amino acid sequence (proteins).
Pathogenic bacteria are bacteria that can cause disease. Although most bacteria are harmless or often beneficial, some are pathogenic, with the number of species estimated as fewer than a hundred that are seen to cause infectious diseases in humans
