A non-response bias is when subjects are selected to participate in a survey but some choose not to respond. This would lead to a portion of the population being misrepresented leading to inaccurate results. For example, those who returned the survey might be more likely to do something than those who did not complete the survey.
Width = W
Length = 12W - 1
Perimeter = 2L + 2W = 37
In the perimeter equation substitute the length equation in for L to get the equation in terms of W
2L + 2W = 37
2(12W - 1) + 2w = 37
Distribute
2(12W - 1) + 2w = 37
24W - 2 + 2w = 37
26W = 39
W = 3/2 = 1.5
Width = 1.5
Lastly, solve for length
L = 12W - 1
L = (12 • 1.5) - 1
L = 18 - 1
L = 17
Length = 17
The correct answer is (A) this is because if you add 25 and 8 cents you get 32 and that becomes a negative number because they are asking how much it droped which i decreasing which is negative so your answer is -0.32 (A)
The product of 9 and 12 is 108