Without oxygen, organisms can just split glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.With oxygen, organisms can break down glucose all the way to carbon dioxide. This releases enough energy to produce up to 38 ATP molecules. Thus, aerobic-respiration releases much more energy than anaerobic respiration.That's what Respiration to generate engery.
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blood flows at a high pressure, so if the arteries are thin and less muscular, the arteries can explode due to the pressure. so it needs thick and muscular properties so that it can withstand the increasing pressure of the flow of blood.
im not sure why it needs to be elastic. Hope it helped :)