Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine & Guanine
<span>Anton van Leeuwenhoek learned to grind lenses ( 1668) and develop simple microscopes.
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Leeuwenhoek heated the middle of a small soda glass rod , over a flame. On pulling apart the two ends, the glass rod elongated into thin whiskers .
Heating the end of this whisker resulted in a tiny high quality glass sphere. These glass spheres then became the lens of his microscope, with the smallest sphere providing the greatest magnification.
Leeuwenhoek's designs were very basic. The body of the microscope was a single lens mounted in a tiny hole on a brass plate. The specimen was then mounted on a sharp point that sticks up in front of the lens. It's position and focus could be adjusted by turning the two screws.
The entire instrument was about 3 to 4 inches long and had to be held up close to the eye, requiring good lighting and great patience to use.
Answer:
This could result in a mutation.
Explanation:
A change in the DNA can affect the work of cells because it can cause a mutation; it can be a good mutation or bad. The three main mutations that occur are Insertion, Deletion and Substitution. Insertion is when DNA base(s) are added in, Deletion is when DNA base(s) are removed. Lastly, Substitution is when DNA base(s) are switched on. All of these mutations can have effects. These effects are Silent effect, Missence, and Nonsense. Silent effect is a mutation that does not change the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Missence is a mutation that causes the sequence of amino acids to change. This can cause incorrect protein folding and protein malfunction. Nonsense is a mutation that causes an early stop codon. This effect leads to a protein that is too small. Also a Frameshift can occur. Framshift is when the reading of a frameshift is moved over by one or more bases such that every subsequent amino acid changes. An example of a frameshift is THE CAT ATE THE RAT. If you insert an A at the Beginning this happens ATH ECA TAT ETH ERA T. IN Conclusion there are two Mutations that also play a role in this Point Mutation and Chromosomal Mutaion. Point Mutation is when a single DNA base is either substituted, inserted or deleted from the sequence. Chromocomal Mutation is when large pieces of a chromosome or an entire chromosome is either substituted, inserted or deleted.
The buffer systems functioning in blood plasma include plasma proteins, phosphate, and bicarbonate and carbonic acid buffers. The kidneys help control acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and generating bicarbonate that helps maintain blood plasma pH within a normal range.
Answer:
Gases, liquids and solids are all made up of atoms, molecules, and/or ions, but the behaviors of these particles differ in the three phases.
Explanation:
gas are well separated with no regular arrangement. liquid are close together with no regular arrangement. solid are tightly packed, usually in a regular pattern.
