Ans(a):
Given function is 
we know that any rational function is not defined when denominator is 0 so that means denominator x+4 can't be 0
so let's solve
x+4≠0 for x
x≠0-4
x≠-4
Hence at x=4, function can't have solution.
Ans(b):
We know that vertical shift occurs when we add something on the right side of function so vertical shift by 4 units means add 4 to f(x)
so we get:
g(x)=f(x)+4

We may simplify this equation but that is not compulsory.
Comparision:
Graph of g(x) will be just 4 unit upward than graph of f(x).
Ans(e):
To find value of x when g(x)=8, just plug g(x)=8 in previous equation





4x-3x=-1-16
x=-17
Hence final answer is x=-17

bear in mind that the continuously compounding interest is just that, a daily compounding cycle, taking a year as 365days.
Step-by-step explanation:
fraction 10/24
you want the ratio
answer is 5:12
if you want the explanation look below
Step One: Reduce the fraction
10/24
=
5/12
Step Two: Rewrite as a ratio
5/12 = 5 : 12