Answer:
The null hypothesis is 
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the proportion of U.S. adults age 25 or older who smoke is .22
This means that at the null hypothesis, it is tested if the proportion is in fact 0.22, that is:

A researcher suspects that the rate is lower among U.S. adults 25 or older who have a bachelor's degree or higher education level.
At the alternative hypothesis, it is tested if the proportion is lower than 0.22, that is:

Answer:
23.714285714286
Step-by-step
The mean absolute deviation of a set of data is the average distance between each data value and the mean.
1. Find the mean.
2. Find the distance between each data value and the mean. That is, find the absolute value of the difference between each data value and the mean.
3. Find the average of those differences.
the answer is c.
you have to multiply by -3 on both sides to get c on its own.
therefore, c is greater than or equal to -9.
in a, c is less than or equal to 9 so thats not the answer.
In b, c is greater than or equal to 9 but it has to be -9.
in d, c is less than or equal to -9.
the answer is c
The answer is =
Any number divided by itself = 1