A) The crust and outer part of the mantle make up the lithosphere
        
             
        
        
        
Answer: Frameshift mutations are due to either insertions or deletions of nucleotides
Explanation:  Frameshift mutations result in abnormal protein products with an incorrect amino acid sequence that can be either longer or shorter than the normal protein.
 
        
             
        
        
        
When one phosphate group is removed by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond in a process called hydrolysis, energy is released, and ATP is converted to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). ... Likewise, energy is also released when a phosphate is removed from ADP to form adenosine monophosphate (AMP).