The first one, Added removed or changed. Mutation as in anything that would cause the slightest change.
You use inductive reasoning to propose a process that explains observed facts. You use deductive reasoning to propose what facts you would observe if a known process took place.
Deductive reasoning, or deduction is a type of reasoning used in scientific method. It starts out with a general statement (called hypothesis is scientific method), and examines the possibilities to reach a logical conclusion about it. If the theory is correct, what observations should be. Inductive reasoning is the opposite. It is a type of reasoning when you start from specific observations to the general statement.
