1. Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA): 9
Explanation:
For a wheel and axle system like the steering wheel, the IMA is given by:

where
is the radius of the wheel
is the radius of the axle
For the steering wheel of the problem, we see that
and
, so the IMA is

2. Efficiency: 88.9%
Explanation:
The efficiency of a system is defined as the ratio between the AMA (actual mechanical advantage) and the IMA:

In this problem, AMA=8 and IMA=9, so the efficiency is

I think it is when shot scrapes off the top of the turf
Answer:

Explanation:
Given that,
Wavelength, 
We need to find the frequency of the violet light.
We know that the relation between frequency and wavelength is given by :

So, the frequency of violet light is
.