Answer:
e. All of the above are considered species under at least one species concept.
Explanation:
All of the abovementioned conditions satisfy at least one condition of species definition. Further arguments are given below to support each statement,
a. A species is the <u>monophyletic group</u> of individuals who has a <u>common ancestor</u> which could be <u>distinguished from the closest phylogenetic relative</u> based on <u>conserved genes</u> (16S in bacteria and 18S in eukaryotes). In the statement above, beetles satisfy this condition.
b. A species is the group of individuals that are capable of <u>exchanging genes or can interbreed</u>. In the above statement, birds who are interbreeding with each other must be a single species.
c. A metapopulation is generically defined as the group of populations who are <u>separated by space</u> but are the <u>same species according to phylogenetic analysis</u>. Thus, the metapopulation of salamanders who are linked by gene flow (gene migration) should be treated as one species.
d. The word "<u>lineage</u>" already conveys the message that these bacteria belong share <u>sample place in the phylogenetic tree</u> and they are capable to adapt the same environmental niche. Therefore, they should be considered as one species. This can be easily tested via 16S rRNA sequencing.
B. To orient themselves and to find food
Since they cannot see very well or even at all in some cases, these animals use echolocation instead to orient themselves, to find where they are, and to find food.
Answer:
Hyphae absorb nutrients from the environment and transport them to other parts of the thallus.
Explanation:
The large volumes of hyphae within the mycelium perform a fundamental role by obtaining nutrients from the organic substrates from the surrounding of the fungus. Hyphae play different kinds of functions in fungi.
They contain cytoplasm or cell sap. They also contain the nuclei, which include genetic material. Hyphae absorb nutrients from the environment and transport them to other parts of the thallus.
The thallus is the fungus body in which the fungi live or from beneath the soil to give support to the fungi for its growth and its survival.
Answer:
<h3><u>Required Answer</u><u>:</u><u>-</u></h3>
The intensification of agriculture has caused dramatic declines in farmland biodiversity (Carvalheiro et al., 2013; Senapathi et al., 2015). Since the 1990s, agricultural policies have been developed in Europe to mitigate this loss through agri-environmental schemes (AES). One AES is “sown wildflower strips”, the aim of which is to create new ecological infrastructures by sowing attractive wild flowers on arable land (a few % of the cultivated area). These ecological infrastructures fall within our definition of MIMS since they represent a massive introduction of managed species in the landscape.
Answer:
The correct answer will be
1. Inversion
2. 20-25 minutes
Explanation:
The injuries of the ligaments of the ankle are common among athletes like the anterior tibiofibular ligament sprain (AFTL) or calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) which are caused by the inversion of the flexed foot.
These cases of ankle sprains are treated with the rest and applying ice to the injured area for approximately 20-25 minutes repeated for 3-4 times per day.
Thus, Inversion and 20-25 minutes are the correct answer.