Based on the present value of the annual cash flows and the investment cost, the present value index is 1.39
<h3>How is the present value index calculated?</h3>
To find the present value index, use the formula:
= Present value of cash flow/Investment cost
The present value of cash flow is:
= Annual cash flows x Present value interest factor of annuity, 9%, 4 years
= 2,480 x 3.239719877
= $8,034.51
The present value index is:
= 8,034.51 / 5,800
= 1.39
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Answer:
Bottom-up.
Explanation:
Bottom-up budgeting is a budgeting method that starts at the department level to the top level. Each department within the organization is required to compile a list of the things it needs, the projects it plans to carry out in the next financial period, and the cost estimates.
Answer:
Explanation:
1. Some of the operational and behavioral benefits that are generally attributed to a participatory budgeting process are as follows:
a) Utilization of the best knowledge of activities in a specific area, because the participants are close to daily operations.
b) Goals that are more realistic and acceptable.
c) Improved communication and group cohesiveness.
d) A sense of commitment and willingness to be held accountable for the budget.
2. Four deficiencies in Patricia Eklund’s participatory policy for planning and performance evaluation, along with recommendations of how the deficiencies can be corrected:
Deficiencies Recommendations The setting of constraints on fixed expenditures includes uncontrollable fixed costs, thereby mitigating the positive effects of participatory budgeting. Rewards should be based on meeting budget and/or organizational goals or objectives. The arbitrary revision of approved budgets defeats the participatory process. The contingency budget should be separate, over and above each department’s srcinal submission. The division manager holds back a percentage of each budget for discretionary use. Managers should be involved in the revision of budgets. Managers could submit a budget with programs at different levels of funding. Evaluation based on budget performance must be accompanied with intrinsic rewards. Divisional constraints could be at a budget "kick-off meeting;however individual limit of controllable expenses should be set by each manager
Answer:
The December 31 balance sheet should show the following liabilities:
Current liabilities:
Current portion of notes payable $250,000
Long term liabilities:
Notes payable $750,000
Current liabilities include all the liabilities that are due within one year of the presentation of the balance sheet. While long term liabilities include all the liabilities that are due in more than one year.
Even if the total liability is due in more than one year, but a tranche or installment is due within one year, this must be included as current portion of long term liability under current liabilities.
The correct option is D.
Checking account is appropriate for Jorge in this situation because he plans to remove the money from his account in a few weeks time.
The major difference between saving account and checking account is that, saving account is majorly used to save and accumulate money for a medium or long time goals or for emergencies. The banks can count on the money staying in saving account for some time and a great part of it is not hold on reserve.
But a checking account is an instant access account. Money put in this account are usually hold in reserve by the banks because the owners can decided to withdraw at any time; banks can lend out money from checking accounts, so they make money on the accounts by charging fees.
