Edwin Hubble used the Doppler effect to determine that the universe is expanding. After years of scientific research and observation of different celestial bodies through a telescope, Hubble found that the light from distant galaxies was shifted towards the red end of the spectrum. This red shift indicates that stars are moving away from us and from each other. This phenomenon is called the 'expansion of the universe', also known as the big band theory.
        
             
        
        
        
<span>Populations of a short type of sunflower are identified as a new species under the conditions that </span>they are unable to breed with the sunflowers of the original population.
        
             
        
        
        
<span>The answer is B. The stolon are hyphae that run horizontally and join one sporangiophore (vertically oriented hyphae with sporangia at tips)  –with rhizoids as the ‘roots’ - with the other sporangiophore in the fungi population. They are analogous to rhizoids in eukaryotic runner plants.   The attached diagram visually demonstrates this <span>description.</span></span>