By Stokes' theorem,

where

is the circular boundary of the hemisphere

in the

-

plane. We can parameterize the boundary via the "standard" choice of polar coordinates, setting

where

. Then the line integral is


We can check this result by evaluating the equivalent surface integral. We have

and we can parameterize

by

so that

where

and

. Then,

as expected.
The parts that are missing in the proof are:
It is given
∠2 ≅ ∠3
converse alternate exterior angles theorem
<h3>What is the Converse of Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem?</h3>
The theorem states that, if two exterior alternate angles are congruent, then the lines cut by the transversal are parallel.
∠1 ≅ ∠3 and l║m because we are: given
By the transitive property,
∠2 and ∠3 are alternate interior angles, therefore, they are congruent to each other by the alternate interior angles theorem.
Based on the converse alternate exterior angles theorem, lines p and q are proven to be parallel.
Therefore, the missing parts pf the paragraph proof are:
- It is given
- ∠2 ≅ ∠3
- converse alternate exterior angles theorem
Learn more about the converse alternate exterior angles theorem on:
brainly.com/question/17883766
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Pi aka 3.14 is a very commonly know irrational number