The question is incomplete. The complete question is :
In science, we like to develop explanations that we can use to predict the outcome of events and phenomena. Try to develop an explanation that tells how much NaOH needs to be added to a beaker of HCl to cause the color to change. Your explanation can be something like: The color change will occur when [some amount] of NaOH is added because the color change occurs when [some condition]. The goal for your explanation is that it describes the outcome of this example, but can also be used to predict the outcome of other examples of this phenomenon. Here's an example explanation: The color of the solution will change when 40 ml of NaOH is added to a beaker of HCl because the color always changes when 40ml of base is added. Although this explanation works for this example, it probably won't work in examples where the flask contains a different amount of HCl, such as 30ml. Try to make an explanation that accurately predicts the outcome of other versions of this phenomenon.
Solution :
Consider the equation of the reaction between NaOH and
NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) → NaCl(aq) +
The above equation tells us that of reacts with of .
So at the equivalence point, the moles of NaOH added = moles of present.
If the volume of the taken = mL and the conc. of = mole/L
The volume of NaOH added up to the color change = mole/L
Moles of taken = moles.
The color change will occur when the moles of NaOH added is equal to the moles of taken.
Thus when
or when
or mL of NaOH added, we observe the color change.
Where are the volume and molarity of the taken.
is the molarity of NaOH added.
When both the NaOH and are of the same concentrations, i.e. if , then
Or the 40 mL of will need 40 mL of NaOH for a color change and
30 mL of would need 30 mL of NaOH for the color change (provided the concentration )
In chemical thermodynamics, an endergonic reaction is also called a nonspontaneous reaction or an unfavorable reaction. it's a chemical reaction in which the change in free energy is positive, and energy is absorbed.
In chemical thermodynamics, an exergonic reaction is also called a spontaneous reaction or a favorable reaction. it's a chemical reaction in which the change in free energy is negative.
ΔG>0
If the Gibbs free energy of the reaction is positive than the reaction will be non spontaneous .
If the Gibbs free energy of the reaction is negative than the reaction will be spontaneous
Gibbs free energy is an energy which that can be use to convert into useful work.
ΔG=ΔH-TΔS
with ΔG= Gibbs free energy
with ΔH = enthalpy of reaction
with T = temperature of eh reaction
ΔS = Entropy change
The reaction A: Pi+glucose⟶glucose-6-phosphate+H2O
The ΔG is positive. This is an nonspontaneous reaction or an unfavorable reaction
The reaction B: Pi+fructose-6-phosphate⟶fructose-1,6-bisphosphate+H2O
The ΔG is positive. This is an nonspontaneous reaction or an unfavorable reaction.
The reaction C: ATP+H2O⟶ADP+Pi
The ΔG is negative. This is a spontaneous reaction or a favorable reaction.
There are grams contained in all the seawater in the world.
Explanation:
At first let is determinate the total mass of seawater (), measured in grams, in the world by definition of density and considering that mass is distributed uniformly:
Where:
- Density of seawater, measured in grams per liters.
- Volume of seawater, measured in liters.
If and , then:
The total mass of sodium chloride is determined by the following ratio:
Given that and , the total mass of sodium chloride in all the seawater in the world is:
There are grams contained in all the seawater in the world.