STOICHEMTRY A-C PLEASE
1 answer:
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Answer:
The product is 1-methylcyclopentanol
Explanation:
The acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes involves the addition of a water molecule to a C=C double bond.
H₂O + C=C ⟶ H-C-C-OH
An H atom adds to one of the C atoms, and an OH group adds to the other
This reaction follows Markovnikov’s rule — the H adds to the C atom that has more hydrogen atoms, and the OH adds to the more substituted carbon.
The steps of the mechanism are:
- The aqueous sulfuric acid generates hydronium ions
- The nucleophilic π electrons attack an H atom on the hydronium ion, forming a carbocation on the more substituted C atom.
- The lone pair electrons on a water molecule attack the carbocation , forming an oxonium ion.
- Another water molecule removes the extra proton.
The product is the alcohol with the OH group on the more substituted carbon — 1-methylcyclopentanol.
Answer:
Lewis structure in the attached image.
Explanation:
To draw the Lewis structure of H₂SO₄, we need to consider the octet rule: atoms gain, lose or share electrons to have 8 electrons in their valence shell. Hydrogen is an exception because its valence shell is complete with 2 electrons (duet). H, S and O are nonmetals, so they form covalent bonds to complete their valence shell, that is, they share pairs of electrons.
- S has 6 valence electrons, so it has to share 2 pairs of electrons to reach the octet.
- O has 6 valence electrons, so it has to share 2 pairs of electrons to reach the octet.
- H has 1 valence electron, so it has to share 1 pair of electrons to reach the duet.
In the attached image is the resulting Lewis structure.
