It was in Nuremberg, officially designated as the "City of the Reich Party Rallies," in the province of Bavaria, where Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party in 1935 changed the status of German Jews to that of Jews in Germany, thus "legally" establishing the framework that eventually led to the Holocaust.
Ten years later, it would also be in Nuremberg, now nearly destroyed by British and American heavy bombing, where surviving prominent Nazi leaders were put on trial for war crimes and crimes against humanity.
The war in Europe ended in May 1945, and soon the attention of the Allies turned to prosecuting those Third Reich leaders who had been responsible for, among other things, the persecution of the Jews and the Holocaust.
The trials began November 20, 1945, in Nuremberg's Palace of Justice, which had somehow survived the intense Allied bombings of 1944 and 1945.
The next day, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Robert H. Jackson, named by President Harry S. Truman as the U.S. chief counsel for the prosecution of Axis criminality, made his opening statement to the International Military Tribunal.
"The most serious actions against Jews were outside of any law, but the law itself was employed to some extent. They were the infamous Nuremberg decrees of September 15, 1935," Jackson said.
The so-called "Nuremberg Laws"— a crucial step in Nazi racial laws that led to the marginalization of German Jews and ultimately to their segregation, confinement, and extermination—were key pieces of evidence in the trials, which resulted in 12 death sentences and life or long sentences for other Third Reich leaders.
But the prosecution was forced to use images of the laws from the official printed version, for the original copies were nowhere to be found.
However, they had been found earlier, by U.S. counter-intelligence troops, who passed them up the line until they came to the Third Army's commander, Gen. George S. Patton, Jr. The general took them home to California. There, they remained for decades, their existence not revealed until 1999.
Finally, this past summer, the original copies of the laws, signed by Hitler and other Nazi leaders, were transferred to the National Archives.
Patricians- Wealthy landowners who held most of the power. They inherited their power and social status. They claimed their ancestry gave them the authority to make laws for Rome.
The Monroe Doctrine, which was adopted by the United States after World War II, called for assisting European nations in fending off communist invasions and revolutions.
<h3>How do Communist revolutions work?</h3>
A proletariat revolution that seeks to oust capitalism in favor of communism is referred to as a communist revolution. This is not always the case, though. Socialism can be seen of as an interim stage between capitalism and communism, depending on the sort of governance. A fundamental tenet of Marxism is the notion that a proletarian revolution is required; according to Marxists, the working class must unite and liberate itself from capitalist exploitation in order to establish a society that is administered by and for the working class. Marxists therefore believe that proletarian revolutions must take place in all nations.
According to Leninism, a vanguard must lead a communist revolution.
Answer: Anti-Federalists argued that the Constitution gave too much power to the federal government, which would diminish the rights of the states and of individuals. The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to alleviate their fears.
Further detail:
The Anti-Federalists had opposed ratification of the US Constitution. The Articles of Confederation, in place prior to the ratification of the Constitution of the United States of America, had granted stronger authority to the states. Patrick Henry and other Anti-Federalists were concerned about too much power winding up in the hands of the federal government and its executive branch, thus allowing a small number of national elites to control the affairs of the USA. They feared this also would diminish the rights and freedoms of individual citizens.
The Bill of Rights, laid out in the first ten amendments to the Constitution, provided some reassurance to Anti-Federalists after the fight over ratification, because these amendments to the Constitution served to guarantee that individuals' rights would be protected under federal law.
