<span>When chemical reactions take place, chemical bonds are broken in the reactants and new chemical bonds are formed in the products. It is as a result of these processes that a reaction is overall exothermic (energy is given out to the surroundigs) or overall endothermic (energy is absorbed from the surroundings hopefully this helped :)</span>
So what you dos is the final temperature - the initial temperature. For example for 1) we have 88.5 celsius degrees - 78 celsius degrees = 10.5 celsius degrees.
Calcium carbonate
Explanation:
The chemical most commonly used to counteract the effects of acid precipitation on aquatic ecosystems is calcium carbonate.
Acid rain or acid deposition or acid precipitation is any form of precipitation with an elevated level of hydrogen ion concentration in them.
To nullify this acidic precipitation in aquatic ecosystem, we need to use an environmentally friendly alkaline agent.
The most desired is calcium carbonate. The carbonate neutralizes the acid by producing carbon dioxide, water and calcium salts.
Answer:
0.1334
Explanation:
The number of atoms per unit (n) is given by:
![n=\frac{\rho a^2bN_a}{A} \\\\where\ a=5.83*10^{-8}cm,b=a=3.18*10^{-8}cm,\rho=7.3\ g/cm^3,\\N_a=Avogadro\ number=6/022*10^{23} mol^{-1},A=atomic\ weight\\=118.68 \ g/mol\\\\n=\frac{7.3* (5.83*10^{-8})^2*(3.18*10^{-8})*6.02*10^{23}}{118.69}\\\\n=4\ atoms/unit](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=n%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Crho%20a%5E2bN_a%7D%7BA%7D%20%5C%5C%5C%5Cwhere%5C%20a%3D5.83%2A10%5E%7B-8%7Dcm%2Cb%3Da%3D3.18%2A10%5E%7B-8%7Dcm%2C%5Crho%3D7.3%5C%20g%2Fcm%5E3%2C%5C%5CN_a%3DAvogadro%5C%20number%3D6%2F022%2A10%5E%7B23%7D%20mol%5E%7B-1%7D%2CA%3Datomic%5C%20weight%5C%5C%3D118.68%20%5C%20g%2Fmol%5C%5C%5C%5Cn%3D%5Cfrac%7B7.3%2A%20%285.83%2A10%5E%7B-8%7D%29%5E2%2A%283.18%2A10%5E%7B-8%7D%29%2A6.02%2A10%5E%7B23%7D%7D%7B118.69%7D%5C%5C%5C%5Cn%3D4%5C%20atoms%2Funit)
The atomic packing factor (APF) is:
![APF=\frac{n(\frac{4\pi R^3}{3} )}{a^2b} \\\\But\ R=atomic\ radius=1.51*10^{-8}\ cm\\\\APF=\frac{4(\frac{4\pi (1.51*10^{-8})^3}{3} )}{(5.83*10^{-8})^2*3.18*10^{-8}}\\\\APF=0.1334](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=APF%3D%5Cfrac%7Bn%28%5Cfrac%7B4%5Cpi%20R%5E3%7D%7B3%7D%20%29%7D%7Ba%5E2b%7D%20%5C%5C%5C%5CBut%5C%20R%3Datomic%5C%20radius%3D1.51%2A10%5E%7B-8%7D%5C%20cm%5C%5C%5C%5CAPF%3D%5Cfrac%7B4%28%5Cfrac%7B4%5Cpi%20%281.51%2A10%5E%7B-8%7D%29%5E3%7D%7B3%7D%20%29%7D%7B%285.83%2A10%5E%7B-8%7D%29%5E2%2A3.18%2A10%5E%7B-8%7D%7D%5C%5C%5C%5CAPF%3D0.1334)
Answer:
Antigens (more info below)
Explanation:
Antigens determine the blood type and may be either proteins or sugar molecule complexes (polysaccharides). Genes in the blood group antigen group provide instructions for the production of antigen proteins. Blood group antigen proteins serve a variety of functions within the red blood cell membrane.
hope I helped!