Out with the old and in with the new—that's what the respiratory system does, delivering air to the lungs, bringing oxygen into the body, and expelling the carbon dioxide back into the air. Understanding the structure and intricacies of the respiratory system is vital to human anatomy. The respiratory system is made up of more than just the lungs; it also includes your nose, throat, larynx, windpipe, bronchi, alveolar ducts, and respiratory membrane.The function of the respiratory system is to deliver air to the lungs. Oxygen in the air diffuses out of the lungs and into the blood, while carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction, out of the blood and into the lungs. Respiration includes the following processes:
External respiration is the process of gas exchange between the atmosphere and the body tissues. In order to accomplish this task, the following events occur:
1.Pulmonary ventilation is the process of breathing—inspiration (inhaling air) and expiration (exhaling air).
2. Gas transport, carried out by the cardiovascular system, is the process of distributing the oxygen throughout the body and collecting CO 2 and returning it to the lungs.
Internal respiration is the process of gas exchange between the blood, the interstitial fluids (fluids surrounding the cells), and the cells. Inside the cell, cellular respiration generates energy (ATP), using O 2 and glucose and producing waste CO 2.
Answer:
Okay
Explanation:
Human topoisomerase I plays an important role in removing positive DNA supercoils that accumulate ahead of replication forks. It also is the target for camptothecin-based anticancer drugs that act by increasing levels of topoisomerase I-mediated DNA scission. Evidence suggests that cleavage events most likely to generate permanent genomic damage are those that occur ahead of DNA tracking systems. Therefore, it is important to characterize the ability of topoisomerase I to cleave positively supercoiled DNA. Results confirm that the human enzyme maintains higher levels of cleavage with positively as opposed to negatively supercoiled substrates in the absence or presence of anticancer drugs. Enhanced drug efficacy on positively supercoiled DNA is due primarily to an increase in baseline levels of cleavage. Sites of topoisomerase I-mediated DNA cleavage do not appear to be affected by supercoil geometry. However, rates of ligation are slower with positively supercoiled substrates. Finally, intercalators enhance topoisomerase I-mediated cleavage of negatively supercoiled substrates but not positively supercoiled or linear DNA. We suggest that these compounds act by altering the perceived topological state of the double helix, making underwound DNA appear to be overwound to the enzyme, and propose that these compounds be referred to as ‘topological poisons of topoisomerase I’
Espero que ayude :)
Respuesta: Los filamentos de miosina son la proteína responsable de la contracción de los músculos.
Answer:
Explanation:
Recently lost an older adult parent
Answer:
YS ITS SIMPLE IF U ASK SUCH SIMPLE UESTIONS IN THIS PLATFORM U WONT ABLE TO GROW YOUR SELF SO DO FOR UR SELF DEAR
Explanation:
