Answer:
The correct answer is the option B: Negative reinforcement.
Explanation:
To begin with, in the field of behavioral psychology and business management the concept known as "Reinforcement" refers to the action or process of changing or keeping someone's behavior by the action of having an specific reaction that will be negative or positive accepted by the individual whose behavior we are looking to change or maintain. Therefore that the reinforcement is followed by a particular stimulus that the individual normally has when making the action that we want to change or keep.
The negative reinforcement refers to the process of producing a consequence with the purpose of avoiding or trying to stop certain stimulus so that the individual will stop that behavior in order to avoid the consequence.
Under normal conditions, a firm's expected ROE would probably be higher if it financed with short-term rather than with long-term debt, but using short-term debt would probably increase the firm's risk.
Option A
<u>Explanation:
</u>
In business finance, the productivity of an undertaking, also defined as net assets or asset minus debt, is a calculation of its viability with respect to equity.ROE is a calculation about how well funds are used to produce increases in profits.
Companies are able to fund themselves with stocks and bonds. A business will raise its investment value by increasing the number of debt capital compared to its equity capital. There was a misunderstanding. Then you see that the new company has a better ROE because of its financial resources as you split the net income per shareholder's capital stock.
D. Lenders are worried that the borrower won't pay them back, and they assess how likely that is to happen by looking at the borrower's income, other assets, credit history, etc.
Answer: The answer is b
Explanation:
The concept of advertising response function is based on the theory of marginal physical product and shows the relationship between advertising and the level of consumption of the goods by the consumers. The theory of marginal physical product states that when there is a change in total product resulting from one unit change in the quantity of the resources used per unit of time. When average product is increasing ,marginal physical product is greater than average product,when average product is maximum ,marginal physical equals average product .when average product is decreasing marginal physical product is less than average product.The theory of marginal physical product can also be called the law of diminishing return which states that if increasing quantities of one factor of production are used in conjunction with a fixed quantity of other factors then, after a certain point each successive unit of the variable factor will make smaller and smaller addition to the total output. In this case, the law tells the Trend Inc when to stop adding more input of the variable factor to a fixed factor.
Invariably, we are saying that it high time for Trend Inc, should spend proportionately less on advertising than on newer line. It should now spend more money on bringing of new product into the market than spending more on the advertisement of the sport shoes because at a certain point the demand for the old product will fall when diminishing return must have set in on the product demand.
The systematic response coefficient from inflation, would result in a change in any security return of <u>3.2 βI</u>.
<u>Explanation</u>:
<em><u>Given</u></em>:
Expected rate of inflation = 3%
Actual rate of inflation = 6.2%
The change in security return can be calculated by obtaining the differences between actual and expected levels of inflation.
Change in security return= Actual rate of inflation- Expected rate of inflation
= 6.2%-3%
= 3.2%
<u>Change in security return= 3.2 βI
</u>
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