Answer:
a. Increase the direct costs of the state's debt.
Explanation:
When a bond's rating is downgraded is a signal to the investors that investing in the bond now is riskier than it was prior to the rating downgrade, hence, a perceived higher risk using the risk/return relationship means that the bond issue would have to offer a higher return to entice the investors to invest in the bonds.
As a result, the higher required rate of return translates into a higher direct cost of the state's debt since their interest rate offered has increased
Answer:
Explanation:
Base on the scenario been described in this question, we can use the following method to be solve the question below using Microsoft word we have the solution in the image attached file below
Answer: Option C - Assets are Overstated; No effects on liabilities: Equity is Overstated
Explanation:
When Bad debts are recorded, they will reduce the Accounts Receivable account because less money will be expected from debtors. Accounts Receivable is an asset account so it will be Overstated if bad debts are not recorded.
Equity will also be overstated because bad debts is an expense that is sent to the Income statement. If this expense is not deducted, the net income will be larger than it should be and when added to Equity it will overstate it.
Answer:
Brand Elements.
Explanation:
Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that the term being described are called Brand Elements. Like mentioned in the question this refers to different trademarkable elements that are used to express or represent a specific brand and set it apart from the rest of the market.
Answer:
competition, goodwill with trade partners, and importation of goods
Explanation:
protectionism raises the cost of imported goods