Hey there!
We need to find a common denominator.
5*3= 15
4/5= 12/15
2/3= 10/15
12+10=22
22/15
or
1 7/15
I hope this helps!
~kaikers
Answer:
Cell-mediated immunity develops through a network of interactions that results in defense against microorganisms that survive within phagocytes or other cells. The response is initiated by the recognition of intracellular microorganism antigen by T cells through the histocompatibility complex. In the CD8 response, only the target cell carrying the class I associated antigen can be lysed or induced to apoptosis. In another mechanism of the cellular response, CD4 + Th1 T cells activate, for example, cytokine-infected macrophages such as IFN. When a pathogen resists the effects of activated macrophages, chronic infection may develop.
The hormonal immunity response leads to the destruction of extracellular microorganisms and prevents or decreases the spread of intracellular cells by neutralizing, opsonizing and activating the complement system.
Answer:
ydropower, electricity produced from generators driven by turbines that convert the potential energy of falling or fast-flowing water into mechanical energy
Explanation:
In the generation of hydroelectric power, water is collected or stored at a higher elevation and led downward through large pipes or tunnels (penstocks) to a lower elevation; the difference in these two elevations is known as the head. At the end of its passage down the pipes, the falling water causes turbines to rotate. The turbines in turn drive generators, which convert the turbines’ mechanical energy into electricity. Transformers are then used to convert the alternating voltage suitable for the generators to a higher voltage suitable for long-distance transmission. The structure that houses the turbines and generators, and into which the pipes or penstocks feed, is called the powerhouse.
<span>Once the enzyme binds to the specific substrate molecule, structural changes can occur in the active site to accommodate the product. This structural change lowers the activations energy and increases the rate of the reaction. The active site changes its shape until an enzyme-substrate complex is formed and activated.</span>
Based on research, microbes have been recently associated with the following four diseases that were once considered noninfectious:
- gastric ulcers
- multiple sclerosis
- cancer
- diabetes
<h3>What are microbes?</h3>
Microbes refers to microscopic organisms, that is organisms which can not be seen with the ordinary eye but with the aid of a microscope.
Microbes consists of the following organisms:
- bacteria
- fungi
- protozoa
- viruses
Some microbes are not harmful while many other microbes are harmful and are known to be the causative organisms for many diseases.
The diseases that are caused by microbes can be passed from one person to another and are known as infectious diseases.
However, recent research have linked microbes to some diseases such as gastric ulcer, multiple sclerosis, cancer, and diabetes which were once considered non-infectious.
Example are given below;
- gastric ulcer caused by <em>Helicobacter pylori</em>
- Multiple sclerosis caused by Epstein-Barr virus
- Cancer caused by human papilloma viruses, hepatitis B and C viruses
- Diabetes caused by E. coli and Candida spp.
In conclusion, microbes cause infectious diseases.
Learn more about microbes at: brainly.com/question/8695285
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Note that the complete question is given below as:
Based on research, microbes have been recently associated with which four of the following diseases that were once considered noninfectious?
muscular dystrophy
multiple scleriosis
diabetes
cystic fibrosis
gastric ulcer
cancer
gastric ulcers
multiple scleriosuis
cancer
diabetes
