Answer : The maximum mass of aluminium chloride formed can be 28.8 grams.
Solution : Given,
Mass of Al = 18.0 g
Mass of
= 23.0 g
Molar mass of Al = 27 g/mole
Molar mass of
= 71 g/mole
Molar mass of
= 133.5 g/mole
First we have to calculate the moles of Al and
.
![\text{ Moles of }Al=\frac{\text{ Mass of }Al}{\text{ Molar mass of }Al}=\frac{18.0g}{27g/mole}=0.667moles](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7B%20Moles%20of%20%7DAl%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Ctext%7B%20Mass%20of%20%7DAl%7D%7B%5Ctext%7B%20Molar%20mass%20of%20%7DAl%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B18.0g%7D%7B27g%2Fmole%7D%3D0.667moles)
![\text{ Moles of }Cl_2=\frac{\text{ Mass of }Cl_2}{\text{ Molar mass of }Cl_2}=\frac{23.0g}{71g/mole}=0.324moles](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7B%20Moles%20of%20%7DCl_2%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Ctext%7B%20Mass%20of%20%7DCl_2%7D%7B%5Ctext%7B%20Molar%20mass%20of%20%7DCl_2%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B23.0g%7D%7B71g%2Fmole%7D%3D0.324moles)
Now we have to calculate the limiting and excess reagent.
The balanced chemical reaction is,
![2Al+3Cl_2\rightarrow 2AlCl_3](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=2Al%2B3Cl_2%5Crightarrow%202AlCl_3)
From the balanced reaction we conclude that
As, 3 mole of
react with 2 mole of ![Al](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Al)
So, 0.324 moles of
react with
moles of ![Al](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Al)
From this we conclude that,
is an excess reagent because the given moles are greater than the required moles and
is a limiting reagent and it limits the formation of product.
Now we have to calculate the moles of ![AlCl_3](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=AlCl_3)
From the reaction, we conclude that
As, 3 mole of
react to give 2 mole of ![AlCl_3](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=AlCl_3)
So, 0.324 moles of
react to give
moles of ![AlCl_3](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=AlCl_3)
Now we have to calculate the mass of ![AlCl_3](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=AlCl_3)
![\text{ Mass of }AlCl_3=\text{ Moles of }AlCl_3\times \text{ Molar mass of }AlCl_3](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7B%20Mass%20of%20%7DAlCl_3%3D%5Ctext%7B%20Moles%20of%20%7DAlCl_3%5Ctimes%20%5Ctext%7B%20Molar%20mass%20of%20%7DAlCl_3)
![\text{ Mass of }AlCl_3=(0.216moles)\times (133.5g/mole)=28.8g](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7B%20Mass%20of%20%7DAlCl_3%3D%280.216moles%29%5Ctimes%20%28133.5g%2Fmole%29%3D28.8g)
Therefore, the maximum mass of aluminium chloride formed can be 28.8 grams.